Buchuagathosmacrenulata

Agathosma Crenulata / Mountain Buchu

Agathosma Crenulata / Mountain Buchu Introduction

Agathosma crenulata, commonly known as Mountain Buchu or Oval Leaf Buchu, is an evergreen shrub indigenous to the lower elevation mountains of the southwestern Cape region of South Africa. It belongs to the Rutaceae family, which also includes citrus plants.   

Historically, Mountain Buchu has been significant to the indigenous Khoi and San people, who used it for various medicinal and cultural purposes. They introduced it to European settlers in the Cape in the 17th century. The leaves are aromatic and have been traditionally used to make infusions in water, brandy (buchu brandy), and vinegar (buchu vinegar) for their purported health benefits.   

Today, Agathosma crenulata is commercially cultivated, along with Agathosma betulina (Round Leaf Buchu), primarily for its essential oils. These oils are valued in the food, fragrance, and cosmetic industries. While both species share some traditional uses, their essential oil compositions differ. Mountain Buchu oil is characterized by a higher concentration of pulegone and a lower concentration of diosphenol compared to Round Leaf Buchu.  

  • Urinary Tract Health: Buchu has a long history of use for urinary tract infections (UTIs), including infections of the bladder (cystitis), urethra (urethritis), and kidneys (pyelonephritis). It is believed to act as a urinary tract antiseptic and diuretic, helping to flush out bacteria and reduce inflammation.
  • Diuretic Properties: Buchu is a well-known diuretic, aiding the body in eliminating excess fluid and potentially relieving symptoms of fluid retention and bloating.
  • Digestive Aid: Traditionally used for various digestive complaints, including stomach aches, indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, and flatulence. Buchu may act as a digestive tonic and antispasmodic, helping to relieve stomach cramps.
  • Anti-inflammatory Effects: Buchu contains compounds that may help reduce inflammation, potentially beneficial for conditions like gout, rheumatism, and arthritis. It has been used to alleviate painful joints and sprains.
  • Antioxidant Activity: Buchu contains flavonoids and other phenolic compounds that act as antioxidants, helping to neutralize harmful free radicals in the body and potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases.

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS

  • Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Buchu is generally not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women.
  • Kidney Problems: While traditionally used for kidney ailments, some health experts advise against using Buchu for kidney infections or if you have pain and swelling in the urinary tract.
  • Liver Problems: Large amounts of Buchu may potentially cause liver problems. Individuals with a history of liver issues should exercise caution.
  • Bleeding Disorders: Buchu might slow blood clotting and could increase the risk of bleeding.
  • Drug Interactions: Buchu may interact with lithium and medications that slow blood clotting (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs).

Nutritional Value

Limited comprehensive nutritional information is available specifically for the leaves of Agathosma crenulata in the same way as common food sources. However, the plant contains several bioactive compounds that contribute to its traditional uses and commercial value:   

Key Components

  • Essential Oils: The leaves contain essential oils, with the main components being:
    • Pulegone: Present in higher concentrations in Agathosma crenulata compared to Agathosma betulina. Pulegone is known to be potentially toxic in high concentrations and can cause liver damage.
    • Limonene: A monoterpene hydrocarbon with anti-inflammatory properties.
    • Menthone and Isomenthone: Other significant components contributing to the aroma.
    • 8-acetylthio-p-menthane-3-one (cis and trans): Sulfur-containing compounds.   
       
  • Flavonoids: Similar to Agathosma betulina, Agathosma crenulata contains flavonoids, which are known for their antioxidant properties.  
     
  • Other Compounds: Mucilage and resins are also present.

Important Considerations

  • Due to the presence of pulegone, the internal use of Agathosma crenulata oil, especially in large amounts, may be unsafe and could potentially cause liver damage.
  • The sulfur-containing compounds in the essential oil contribute to the characteristic blackcurrant-like smell and flavor associated with buchu.   
     
  • Research on the specific nutritional profile of Agathosma crenulata leaves (beyond the essential oil and some identified compounds) is limited.

It’s important to note that while traditionally used for various ailments, the efficacy of Agathosma crenulata for many of these uses lacks robust scientific evidence. Furthermore, due to potential side effects and interactions, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional before using it for medicinal purposes.

Shopping Cart
Scroll to Top